Note

Teil 1: Die Lebensstilfallen

1 https://www.dge.de/wissenschaft/leitlinien/leitlinie-kohlenhydrate

2 http://nusi.org/science-in-progress/energy-balance-consortium/

3 http://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/service/studielebensmittelkonzerne-nutzen-methoden-wie-dietabakindustrie-a-882971.html

4 http://www.preventionfirst.de

5 http://www.akaprev.de

6 Scholl, J.; Kurz, P.: “A Contemporary Health Check-up with Individual Lifestyle Coaching Can Substantially Lower Diabetes Risk in Patients with Pre-diabetes – the PF Study.” Abstract P496, EuroPRevent Kongress, Lissabon, 19.05.2015

7 www.leberfasten.de

Modernes Leben und zeitgemäße Ernährung – das Flexi-Carb-Konzept

8 Quelle: Worm, Nicolai: Die LOGI-Methode. Glücklich und schlank, Systemed Verlag, Lünen 2003

9 Ströhle, A.: Rück- und Seitenblicke im Zeitalter der Ernährungsver(w)irrung – eine Hommage an Werner Kollath. Köln: Ralf Reglin Verlag, 2009.

10 Schröder, E.M, Worm, N.: Die Ausdauer-Vollwert-Ernährung. sport-inform-Verlag, Oberhaching 1987

11 Meine LOGI-Methode als therapeutischer Ansatz für Menschen mit Übergewicht und Insulinresistenz.

12 Worm, N.: LOGI-Methode: Glücklich und schlank. Systemed-Verlag, Lünen 2003; Worm, N.: Low-Carb. riva Verlag, München 2010

13 Lemberger, H., Mangiameli, F.: Flexi-Carb – das Kochbuch. riva Verlag, München 2015

Literaturhinweise

Für jedes Thema habe ich nur ein paar aus meiner Sicht wesentliche Arbeiten herausgegriffen. Die Quellen sind zeitlich angeordnet.

Teil 1: Die Lebensstilfallen

Übergewichtsepidemie

Rosario AS, Kurth BM, Stolzenberg H, et al. Body mass index percentiles for children and adolescents in Germany based on a nationally representative sample (KiGGS 2003-2006). Eur J Clin Nutr 2010;64(4):341-9.

Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2014;384(9945):766-81.

Wirth A, Wabitsch M, Hauner H. Clinical practice guideline: The prevention and treatment of obesity. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2014;111:705–13

Westphal C, Doblhammer G. Projections of trends in overweight in the elderly population in Germany until 2030 and international comparison. Obes Facts 2014;7(1):57-68.

Cohen E, Cragg M, deFonseka J, Hite A, et al. Statistical review of US macronutrient consumption data, 1965-2011: Americans have been following dietary guidelines, coincident with the rise in obesity. Nutrition 2015;31:727-32.

Geschichte der Ernährungsempfehlungen

Atwater WO. Food and Diet. Washington D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1994.

Spiekermann U. Vollkorn für die Führer. Zur Geschichte der Vollkornbrotpolitik im Dritten Reich.“ Zeitschrift für Sozialgeschichte des 20 und 21 Jahrhunderts. 2001;16:91-128.

Gonder U, Worm N. Mehr Fett! Liebeserklärung an einen zu Unrecht verteufelten Nährstoff. Lünen, Systemed-Verlag, 2010.

Spiekermann U. Ordnungsträume. Zur Geschichte der Ernährungsempfehlungen im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Kassel: Kassel University Press; 2005.

Energiebilanz und neue Forschungsergebnisse von David Ludwig

Walsh CO, Ebbeling CB, Swain JF, et al. Effects of Diet Composition on Postprandial Energy Availability during Weight Loss Maintenance. PLoS ONE 2013;8(3):e58172.

Ludwig DS, Friedman MI. Always Hungry? Here’s Why. The New York Times 2014 May 16, 2014.

Ludwig DS, Friedman MI. Increasing adiposity: consequence or cause of overeating? JAMA 2014;311(21):2167-8.

Smith JD, Hou T, Ludwig DS, et al. Changes in intake of protein foods, carbohydrate amount and quality, and long-term weight change: results from 3 prospective cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101(6):1216-24.

Ludwig DS, Astrup A, Willett WC. The glycemic index: Reports of its demise have been exaggerated. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015.

Bedeutung der Ballaststoffe

Ströhle A, Wolters M, Hahn A: Gesundheitliche Effekte von Ballaststoffen. Ein Update. Teil 1: Von der Struktur zur Funktion, Deutsch Apothek Z. 2012;152(31):3780-8.

Ströhle A, Wolters M, Hahn A. Gesundheitliche Effekte von Ballaststoffen. Ein Update. Teil 2: Systemische Effekte und Präventionspotenzial, Deutsch Apothek Z. 2012;152(32):3000-11

Kaczmarczyk MM, Miller MJ, Freund GG. The health benefits of dietary fiber: beyond the usual suspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. Metabolism 2012;61(8):1058-1066.

Parnell JA, Reimer RA. Prebiotic fiber modulation of the gut microbiota improves risk factors for obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Gut Microbes 2012;3(1):29-34.

Clark MJ, Slavin JL. The effect of fiber on satiety and food intake: a systematic review. J Am Coll Nutr 2013;32(3):200-211.

Kim Y, Je Y. Dietary fiber intake and total mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol 2014;180(6):565-573.

Wu Y, Qian Y, Pan Y, et al. Association between dietary fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2015;34(4):603-11

Yao B, Fang H, Xu W, et al. Dietary fiber intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a dose-response analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Epidemiol 2014;29(2):79-88.

Liu L, Wang S, Liu J. Fiber consumption and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015;59(1):139-146.

Yang Y, Zhao LG, Wu QJ, Ma X, Xiang YB. Association between dietary fiber and lower risk of all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol 2015;181(2):83-91.

Gesundes und krankes Übergewicht

Despres JP. What is „metabolically healthy obesity“?: from epidemiology to pathophysiological insights. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97(7):2283-2285.

Lafontan M. Adipose tissue and adipocyte dysregulation. Diabetes Metab 2014;40(1):16-28.

Corvera S, Gealekman O. Adipose tissue angiogenesis: impact on obesity and type-2 diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014;1842(3):463-72.

Ströhle A, Worm N. Gesundes Übergewicht. Warum das Übergewichts-Paradox nur scheinbar paradox ist. Med Monatsschr Pharm 2014;37(2):54-64;

Giordano A, Smorlesi A, Frontini A, et al. White, brown and pink adipocytes: the extraordinary plasticity of the adipose organ. Eur J Endocrinol 2014;170(5):R159-71.

Gustafson B, Hedjazifar S, Gogg S, et al. Insulin resistance and impaired adipogenesis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015;26(4):193-200.

Montgomery MK, Turner N. Mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance: an update. Endocr Connect 2015;4(1):R1-R15.

Muskeln und Inaktivität

Bergouignan A, Rudwill F, Simon C, Blanc S. Physical inactivity as the culprit of metabolic inflexibility: Evidences from bed-rest studies. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(4):1201-10.

Pratesi A, Tarantini F, Di Bari M. Skeletal muscle: an endocrine organ. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab 2013;10(1):11-14.

Hamilton MT, Hamilton DG, Zderic TW. Sedentary behavior as a mediator of type 2 diabetes. Med Sport Sci. 2014;60:11-26. D

Hong HC, Hwang SY, Choi HY, et al. Relationship between sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study. Hepatology 2014;59(5):1772-1778.

Ekelund U, Ward HA, Norat T, et al. Physical activity and all-cause mortality across levels of overall and abdominal adiposity in European men and women: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study (EPIC). Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101(3):613-621.

Stress und Schlafdefizite

Lucassen EA, Zhao X, Rother KI, et al. Evening chronotype is associated with changes in eating behavior, more sleep apnea, and increased stress hormones in short sleeping obese individuals. PLoS One 2013;8(3):e56519.

Gonnissen HK, Hulshof T, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Chronobiology, endocrinology, and energy- and food-reward homeostasis. Obes Rev. 2013;14(5):405-16.

Hogenkamp PS, Nilsson E, Nilsson VC, et al. Acute sleep deprivation increases portion size and affects food choice in young men. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38(9):1668-74.

Markwald RR, Melanson EL, Smith MR, et al. Impact of insufficient sleep on total daily energy expenditure, food intake, and weight gain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(14):5695-700.

St-Onge MP. The role of sleep duration in the regulation of energy balance: effects on energy intakes and expenditure. J Clin Sleep Med 2013;9(1):73-80.

Cooper AJ, Westgate K, Brage S, Prevost AT, Griffin SJ, Simmons RK. Sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk factors among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Sleep Med 2015;16(1):119-125.

Sonne und Vitamin D

Pilz S, Kienreich K, Rutters F, et al. Role of vitamin D in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2013;13(2):261-70.

Girgis CM, Clifton-Bligh RJ, Hamrick MW, et al. The roles of vitamin D in skeletal muscle: form, function, and metabolism. Endocr Rev 2013;34(1):33-83.

Seida JC, Mitri J, Colmers IN, et al. Clinical review: Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on improving glucose homeostasis and preventing diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014;99(10):3551-60.

Richter K, Breitner S, Webb AR, et al. Influence of external, intrinsic and individual behaviour variables on serum 25(OH)D in a German survey. J Photochem Photobiol B 2014;140:120-9.

Peterson CA, Tosh AK, Belenchia AM. Vitamin D insufficiency and insulin resistance in obese adolescents. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2014;5(6):166-89.

Klenk J, Rapp K, Denkinger M, et al. Objectively measured physical activity and vitamin D status in older people from Germany. J Epidemiol Community Health 2015;69(4):388-92.

Esteghamati A, Aryan Z, Esteghamati A, Nakhjavani M. Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated with Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetics and Reduced Insulin Production in Type 2 Diabetics. Horm Metab Res. 2015;47:273-9.

Abbasi F, Blasey C, Feldman D, et al. Low circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentrations are associated with defects in insulin action and insulin secretion in persons with prediabetes. J Nutr. 2015;145:714-9.

Rauchen und Insulinresistenz

Narkiewicz K, van de Borne PJ, Hausberg M, et al. Cigarette smoking increases sympathetic outflow in humans. Circulation 1998;98(6):528-34.

Ostgren CJ, Lindblad U, Ranstam J, et al. Associations between smoking and beta-cell function in a non-hypertensive and non-diabetic population. Skaraborg Hypertension and Diabetes Project. Diabet Med 2000;17(6):445-50.

Bermudez EA, Rifai N, Buring JE, et al. Relation between markers of systemic vascular inflammation and smoking in women. Am J Cardiol 2002;89(9):1117-9.

Canoy D, Wareham N, Luben R, et al. Cigarette smoking and fat distribution in 21,828 British men and women: a population-based study. Obes Res 2005;13(8):1466-75.

Wittel UA, Pandey KK, Andrianifahanana M, et al. Chronic pancreatic inflammation induced by environmental tobacco smoke inhalation in rats. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101(1):148-59.

Degens H, Gayan-Ramirez G, van Hees HW. Smoking-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction: from evidence to mechanisms. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191(6):620-5.

Einfluss der Darmbakterien

Cardona F, Andres-Lacueva C, Tulipani S, et al. Benefits of polyphenols on gut microbiota and implications in human health. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24(8):1415-22.

Wong JM. Gut microbiota and cardiometabolic outcomes: influence of dietary patterns and their associated components. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;100 Suppl 1:369S-77S.

Koutsos A, Tuohy KM, Lovegrove JA. Apples and Cardiovascular Health-Is the Gut Microbiota a Core Consideration? Nutrients 2015;7(6):3959-98.

Duda-Chodak A, Tarko T, Satora P, et al. Interaction of dietary compounds, especially polyphenols, with the intestinal microbiota: a review. Eur J Nutr 2015;54(3):325-41.

Duenas M, Munoz-Gonzalez I, Cueva C, et al. A survey of modulation of gut microbiota by dietary polyphenols. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:850902.

Marin L, Miguelez EM, Villar CJ, et al. Bioavailability of dietary polyphenols and gut microbiota metabolism: antimicrobial properties. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:905215.

Maukonen J, Saarela M. Human gut microbiota: does diet matter? Proc Nutr Soc 2015;74(1):23-36.

Wang D, Ho L, Faith J, et al. Role of intestinal microbiota in the generation of polyphenol-derived phenolic acid mediated attenuation of Alzheimer‘s disease beta-amyloid oligomerization. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015;59(6):1025-40.

Ursachen und Folgen von Insulinresistenz

Tsatsoulis A, Mantzaris MD, Bellou S, Andrikoula M. Insulin resistance: An adaptive mechanism becomes maladaptive in the current environment -An evolutionary perspective. Metabolism 2013;62(5):622-633.

Ye J. Mechanisms of insulin resistance in obesity. Front Med 2013;7(1):14-24.

Eckardt K, Gorgens SW, Raschke S, Eckel J. Myokines in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2014;57(6):1087-1099.

Moreno-Navarrete JM, Novelle MG, Catalan V, et al. Insulin resistance modulates iron-related proteins in adipose tissue. Diabetes Care 2014;37(4):1092-1100.

Sansbury BE, Hill BG. Regulation of obesity and insulin resistance by nitric oxide. Free Radic Biol Med 2014;73c:383-399.

Shulman GI. Ectopic fat in insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and cardiometabolic disease. N Engl J Med 2014;371(12):1131-1141.

Yatsuya H, Nihashi T, Li Y, et al. Independent association of liver fat accumulation with insulin resistance. Obes Res Clin Pract 2014;8(4):e350-355.

Asrih M, Jornayvaz FR. Metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Is insulin resistance the link? Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2015 Feb 24. pii: S0303-7207(15)00094-5.

Gustafson B, Hedjazifar S, Gogg S, Hammarstedt A, Smith U. Insulin resistance and impaired adipogenesis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015;26(4):193-200.

Montgomery MK, Turner N. Mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance: an update. Endocr Connect 2015;4(1):R1-R15.

Nolan CJ, Ruderman NB, Kahn SE, Pedersen O, Prentki M. Insulin resistance as a physiological defense against metabolic stress: implications for the management of subsets of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2015;64(3):673-686.

Ursachen und Folgen der nichtalkoholischen Fettleber

Yki-Jarvinen H. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a cause and a consequence of metabolic syndrome. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2(11):901-910.

Ahmed A, Wong RJ, Harrison SA. NAFLD Review: Diagnosis, Treatment and Outcomes. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13(12):2062-70

Byrne CD, Targher G. NAFLD: a multisystem disease. J Hepatol 2015;62(1 Suppl):S47-64.

Jin R, Vos MB. Fructose and liver function - is this behind nonalcoholic liver disease? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2015;18(5):490-495.

Nobili V, Alkhouri N, Alisi A, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a challenge for pediatricians. JAMA Pediatr 2015;169(2):170-176.

Targher G, Byrne CD. A Perspective on Metabolic Syndrome and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2015;25(10):924-30

Targher G, Lonardo A, Rossini M. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and decreased bone mineral density: is there a link? J Endocrinol Invest. 2015;38(8):817-25.

Than NN, Newsome PN. A concise review of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Atherosclerosis 2015;239(1):192-202.

Whitsett M, VanWagner LB. Physical activity as a treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review. World J Hepatol 2015;7(16):2041-2052.

Ströhle A, Stein J. Nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung. Pathophysiologisch orientierte Diagnostik und Therapie. Med Monatsschr Pharm 2015; 38(5):166-178.

Teil 2: Mediterrane Mythen und Wahrheiten

Mediterrane Ernährung – eine Wunder-Ernährung?

Keys A. The diet and the development of coronary heart disease. J Chronic Dis 1956;4(4):364-80.

Keys A. Diet and the epidemiology of coronary heart disease. J Am Med Assoc 1957;164(17):1912-9.

Kromhout D, Keys A, Aravanis C, et al. Food consumption patterns in the 1960s in seven countries. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;49(5):889-94

Keys A. Mediterranean diet and public health: personal reflections. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(6 Suppl):1321S-3S.

Nestle M. Mediterranean diets: historical and research overview. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(6 Suppl):1313S-20S.

Fallon S, Enig MG. Internet: http://www.westonaprice.org/health-topics/the-mediterranean-diet-pasta-or-pastrami/.

Ferro-Luzzi A, Branca F. Mediterranean diet, Italian-style: prototype of a healthy diet. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(6 Suppl):1338S-45S.

Ferro-Luzzi A, James WP, Kafatos A. The high-fat Greek diet: a recipe for all? Eur J Clin Nutr 2002;56(9):796-809.

Sarri K, Kafatos A. The Seven Countries Study in Crete: olive oil, Mediterranean diet or fasting? Public Health Nutr 2005;8(6):666.

Grimes DS. An epidemic of coronary heart disease. QJM 2012;105(6):509-18

Paradoxe Entwicklungen

Renaud S, de Lorgeril M. Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease. Lancet 1992;339(8808):1523-6.

Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Tresserras R, et al. How could changes in diet explain changes in coronary heart disease mortality in Spain? The Spanish paradox. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(6 Suppl):1351S-9S.

Elwood PC, Pickering JE, Givens DI, et al. The consumption of milk and dairy foods and the incidence of vascular disease and diabetes: an overview of the evidence. Lipids 2010;45(10):925-39.

Aune D, Lau R, Chan DS, et al. Dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ann Oncol 2012;23(1):37-45.

Aune D, Norat T, Romundstad P, et al. Dairy products and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98(4):1066-83.

Chowdhury R, Warnakula S, Kunutsor S, et al. Association of dietary, circulating, and supplement fatty acids with coronary risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2014;160(6):398-406.

Barendse W. Should animal fats be back on the table? A critical review of the human health effects of animal fat. Animal Production Science 2014;54:831–55.

Vormund K, Braun J, Rohrmann S, et al. Mediterranean diet and mortality in Switzerland: an alpine paradox? Eur J Nutr 2015;54(1):139-48.

Gewagte Definitionen

de Lorgeril M, Renaud S, Mamelle N, et al. Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet 1994;343(8911):1454-1459.

Renaud S, de Lorgeril M, Delaye J, et al. Cretan Mediterranean diet for prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(6 Suppl):1360S-1367S.

de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Caillat-Vallet E, Hanauer MT, Barthelemy JC, Mamelle N. Control of bias in dietary trial to prevent coronary recurrences: The Lyon Diet Heart Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997;51(2):116-122.

de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Monjaud I, Delaye J. The ‚diet heart‘ hypothesis in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J 1997;18(1):13-18.

Trichopoulou A, Costacou T, Bamia C, et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and survival in a Greek population. N Engl J Med 2003;348(26):2599-608.

Pelucchi C, Bosetti C, Rossi M, et al. Selected aspects of Mediterranean diet and cancer risk. Nutr Cancer 2009;61(6):756-66.

Bach-Faig A, Berry EM, Lairon D, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public Health Nutr 2011;14(12A):2274-84.

Sofi F, Abbate R, Gensini GF, et al. Identification of change-points in the relationship between food groups in the Mediterranean diet and overall mortality: an ‚a posteriori‘ approach. Eur J Nutr 2012;51(2):167-72.

Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med 2013;368(14):1279-1290.

Estruch R, Salas-Salvado J. „Towards an even healthier Mediterranean diet“. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013;23(12):1163-6.

Hoffman R, Gerber M. Evaluating and adapting the Mediterranean diet for non-Mediterranean populations: a critical appraisal. Nutr Rev 2013;71(9):573-84.

Schwenke DC. Beyond the Mediterranean to optimal dietary patterns. Curr Opin Lipidol 2013;24(1):96-100.

Stamler J. Toward a modern Mediterranean diet for the 21st century. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013;23(12):1159-62.

Hu EA, Toledo E, Diez-Espino J, et al. Lifestyles and Risk Factors Associated with Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet: A Baseline Assessment of the PREDIMED Trial. PLoS One 2013;8(4):e60166.

Sieri S, Pala V, Brighenti F, et al. High glycemic diet and breast cancer occurrence in the Italian EPIC cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013;23(7):628-34.

Augustin LS, Malerba S, Lugo A, et al. Associations of bread and pasta with the risk of cancer of the breast and colorectum. Ann Oncol 2013;24(12):3094-9.

de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Zazpe I, et al. Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN project. BMC Public Health 2014;14:1091.

Babio N, Toledo E, Estruch R, et al. Mediterranean diets and metabolic syndrome status in the PREDIMED randomized trial. CMAJ 2014;186(17):E649-657.

Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Estruch R, Corella D, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J. Prevention of diabetes with mediterranean diets. Ann Intern Med 2014;161(2):157-158.

Maki KC, Slavin JL, Rains TM, et al. Limitations of observational evidence: implications for evidence-based dietary recommendations. Adv Nutr 2014;5(1):7-15.

Vormund K, Braun J, Rohrmann S, et al. Mediterranean diet and mortality in Switzerland: an alpine paradox? Eur J Nutr 2015;54(1):139-48.

Turati F, Filomeno M, Galeone C, et al. Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and risk of age-related cataract extraction: a case-control study in Italy. Eur J Nutr 2015;54(3):475-81.

Santiago S, Zazpe I, Bes-Rastrollo M, et al. Carbohydrate quality, weight change and incident obesity in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN Project. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015;69(3):297-302.

Vorteile mediterraner Ernährung aus zeitgemäßer Sicht

Pelucchi C, Bosetti C, Negri E, et al. Olive oil and cancer risk: an update of epidemiological findings through 2010. Curr Pharm Des 2011;17(8):805-12.

Psaltopoulou T, Kosti RI, Haidopoulos D, et al. Olive oil intake is inversely related to cancer prevalence: a systematic review and a meta-analysis of 13,800 patients and 23,340 controls in 19 observational studies. Lipids Health Dis 2011;10:127.

Jones JL, Fernandez ML, McIntosh MS, et al. A Mediterranean-style low-glycemic-load diet improves variables of metabolic syndrome in women, and addition of a phytochemical-rich medical food enhances benefits on lipoprotein metabolism. J Clin Lipidol 2011;5(3):188-96.

Jones JL, Comperatore M, Barona J, et al. A Mediterranean-style, low-glycemic-load diet decreases atherogenic lipoproteins and reduces lipoprotein (a) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in women with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2012;61(3):366-72.

Barona J, Jones JJ, Kopec RE, et al. A Mediterranean-style low-glycemic-load diet increases plasma carotenoids and decreases LDL oxidation in women with metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Biochem 2012;23(6):609-15.

Boeing H, Bechthold A, Bub A, et al. Critical review: vegetables and fruit in the prevention of chronic diseases. Eur J Nutr 2012;51(6):637-63.

Hoffman R, Gerber M. Evaluating and adapting the Mediterranean diet for non-Mediterranean populations: a critical appraisal. Nutr Rev 2013;71(9):573-84.

Wang Y, Wang Z, Fu L, et al. Legume consumption and colorectal adenoma risk: a meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One 2013;8(6):e67335.

Kim Y, Je Y. Dietary fiber intake and total mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol 2014;180(6):565-73.

Michas G, Micha R, Zampelas A. Dietary fats and cardiovascular disease: putting together the pieces of a complicated puzzle. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234(2):320-8.

Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Dominguez LJ, Delgado-Rodriguez M. Olive oil consumption and risk of CHD and/or stroke: a meta-analysis of case-control, cohort and intervention studies. Br J Nutr 2014;112(2):248-59.

Afshin A, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, et al. Consumption of nuts and legumes and risk of incident ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;100(1):278-88.

Jayalath VH, de Souza RJ, Sievenpiper JL, et al. Effect of dietary pulses on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials. Am J Hypertens 2014;27(1):56-64.

Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Monounsaturated fatty acids, olive oil and health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Lipids Health Dis 2014;13:154.

Wang X, Ouyang Y, Liu J, et al. Fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ 2014;349:g4490.

Zhao LG, Sun JW, Yang Y, et al. Fish consumption and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 May 13. [Epub ahead of print]

Turati F, Dilis V, Rossi M, et al. Glycemic load and coronary heart disease in a Mediterranean population: The EPIC Greek cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015;25(3):336-42.

Kuijsten A. Dietary fibre and incidence of type 2 diabetes in eight European countries: the EPIC-InterAct Study and a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Diabetologia. 2015;58(7):1394-408

Yang Y, Zhao LG, Wu QJ, et al. Association between dietary fiber and lower risk of all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol 2015;181(2):83-91.

Liu L, Wang S, Liu J. Fiber consumption and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015;59(1):139-46.

Wu Y, Qian Y, Pan Y, et al. Association between dietary fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2015;34(4):603-11

Täglich Wein

Costanzo S, Di Castelnuovo A, Donati MB et al. Wine, beer or spirit drinking in relation to fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol 2011;26:833-850

Ford ES, Zhao G, Tsai J et al. Low-risk lifestyle behaviors and all-cause mortality: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III Mortality Study. Am J Public Health 2011;101:1922-1929

Brien SE, Ronksley PE, Turner BJ et al. Effect of alcohol consumption on biological markers associated with risk of coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies. BMJ 2011;342:d636

Ronksley PE, Brien SE, Turner BJ et al. Association of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2011;342: d671

Chiva-Blanch G, Urpi-Sarda M, Llorach R et al. Differential effects of polyphenols and alcohol of red wine on the expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines related to atherosclerosis: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:326-334

Pai JK, Mukamal KJ, Rimm EB. Long-term alcohol consumption in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among survivors of myocardial infarction: the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Europ Heart J 2012;33:1598-1605

Rosenbloom JI, Mukamal KJ, Frost LE et al. Alcohol consumption patterns, beverage type, and long-term mortality among women survivors of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2012;109:147-152

Poulsen MM, Jorgensen JO, Jessen N et al. Resveratrol in metabolic health: an overview of the current evidence and perspectives. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1290:74-82

Timmers S, Hesselink MK, Schrauwen P. Therapeutic potential of resveratrol in obesity and type 2 diabetes: new avenues for health benefits? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013;1290:83-89

Worm N, Belz GG, Stein-Hammer C. Moderater Weingenuss und Prävention der Koronaren Herzkrankheit. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2013;138(51-52):2653-7.

Die blauen Zonen

Appel LJ. Dietary patterns and longevity: expanding the blue zones. Circulation 2008;118(3):214-5.

Willcox DC, Willcox BJ, Todoriki H, et al. The Okinawan diet: health implications of a low-calorie, nutrient-dense, antioxidant-rich dietary pattern low in glycemic load. J Am Coll Nutr 2009;28 Suppl:500S-16S.

Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Siasos G, et al. Sociodemographic and lifestyle statistics of oldest old people (>80 years) living in ikaria island: the ikaria study. Cardiol Res Pract 2011;2011:679187.

Vasto S, Scapagnini G, Rizzo C, et al. Mediterranean diet and longevity in Sicily: survey in a Sicani Mountains population. Rejuvenation Res 2012;15(2):184-8.

Vasto S, Barera A, Rizzo C, et al. Mediterranean diet and longevity: an example of nutraceuticals? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2014;12(5):735-8.

Vasto S, Buscemi S, Barera A, et al. Mediterranean diet and healthy ageing: a Sicilian perspective. Gerontology 2014;60(6):508-18.

Willcox BJ, Willcox DC. Caloric restriction, caloric restriction mimetics, and healthy aging in Okinawa: controversies and clinical implications. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2014;17(1):51-8.

Willcox DC, Scapagnini G, Willcox BJ. Healthy aging diets other than the Mediterranean: a focus on the Okinawan diet. Mech Ageing Dev 2014;1 36-137:148-62.

Pes GM, Tolu F, Dore MP, et al. Male longevity in Sardinia, a review of historical sources supporting a causal link with dietary factors. ur J Clin Nutr 2015;69(4):411-8.

Teil 3: Modernes Leben und zeitgemäße Ernährung – das Flexi-Carb-Konzept

Jones JL, Fernandez ML, McIntosh MS, et al. A Mediterranean-style low-glycemic-load diet improves variables of metabolic syndrome in women, and addition of a phytochemical-rich medical food enhances benefits on lipoprotein metabolism. J Clin Lipidol 2011;5(3):188-96.

Jones JL, Comperatore M, Barona J, et al. A Mediterranean-style, low-glycemic-load diet decreases atherogenic lipoproteins and reduces lipoprotein (a) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in women with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2012;61(3):366-72.

Hoffman R, Gerber M. Evaluating and adapting the Mediterranean diet for non-Mediterranean populations: a critical appraisal. Nutr Rev 2013;71(9):573-84.

Schwenke DC. Beyond the Mediterranean to optimal dietary patterns. Curr Opin Lipidol 2013;24(1):96-100.

Hamdy O. Nutrition Revolution—The End of the High Carbohydrates Era for Diabetes Prevention and Management. US Endocrinology 2014;11:103-4.

D’Alessandro A, De Pergola G. Mediterranean diet pyramid: a proposal for Italian people. Nutrients 2014;6(10):4302-16.

Shen J, Wilmot KA, Ghasemzadeh N, et al. Mediterranean Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Health. Annu Rev Nutr. 2015;35:425-49.

Turati F, Dilis V, Rossi M, et al. Glycemic load and coronary heart disease in a Mediterranean population: The EPIC Greek cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015;25(3):336-42.

Rossi M, Turati F, Lagiou P, et al. Relation of dietary glycemic load with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: a cohort study in Greece and a meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2015;54(2):215-22.

Ende der Fett-Phobie

Worm N. Ernährung und koronare Herzkrankheit: Wie sinnvoll ist Diät? [Nutrition and coronary heart disease: how important is diet?]. Versicherungsmedizin 1995;47(4):116-122.

Worm N. Macht Fett fett und fettarm schlank? DMW 2002;127:2743-2747.

Mente A, de Koning L, Shannon HS, Anand SS. A systematic review of the evidence supporting a causal link between dietary factors and coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med 2009;169(7):659-669.

Siri-Tarino PW, Sun Q, Hu FB, Krauss RM. Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies evaluating the association of saturated fat with cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:535-546.

Worm N. Mehr Fett. Warum die etablierten Ernährungsempfehlungen nicht haltbar und potenziell gefährlich sind. Ernährung & Medizin 2012;27:57-63.

Ströhle A, Worm N. Metabolisches Syndrom: Pathophysiologische Grundlagen und rationale Empfehlungen zur Ernährungstherapie. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 2012;152(1):50-67.

O‘Sullivan TA, Hafekost K, Mitrou F, Lawrence D. Food sources of saturated fat and the association with mortality: a meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 2013;103(9):e31-42.

Ioannidis JP. Implausible results in human nutrition research. BMJ 2013;347:f6698.

Malhotra A. Saturated fat is not the major issue. BMJ 2013;347:f6340.

Ramsden CE, Zamora D, Leelarthaepin B, et al. Use of dietary linoleic acid for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and death: evaluation of recovered data from the Sydney Diet Heart Study and updated meta-analysis. BMJ 2013;346:e8707.

Taha AY, Cheon Y, Faurot KF, et al. Dietary omega-6 fatty acid lowering increases bioavailability of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human plasma lipid pools. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014;90(5):151-157.

Lamarche B, Couture P. It is time to revisit current dietary recommendations for saturated fat. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014;39(12):1409-1411.

Walker TB, Parker MJ. Lessons from the war on dietary fat. J Am Coll Nutr 2014;33(4):347-351.

Chowdhury R, Warnakula S, Kunutsor S, et al. Association of dietary, circulating, and supplement fatty acids with coronary risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2014;160(6):398-406.

DiNicolantonio JJ. The cardiometabolic consequences of replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates or Omega-6 polyunsaturated fats: Do the dietary guidelines have it wrong? Open Heart 2014;1(1):e000032.

Ravnskov U, DiNicolantonio JJ, Harcombe Z, Kummerow FA, Okuyama H, Worm N. The questionable benefits of exchanging saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat. Mayo Clin Proc 2014;89(4):451-453.

Mozaffarian D. Saturated fatty acids and type 2 diabetes: more evidence to re-invent dietary guidelines. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2(10):770-772.

Mozaffarian D, Ludwig DS. The 2015 US Dietary Guidelines: Lifting the Ban on Total Dietary Fat. JAMA 2015;313(24):2421-2422.

de Souza RJ, Mente A, Maroleanu A, et al. Intake of saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and risk of all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMJ 2015;351:h3978.

Harcombe Z, Baker JS, Cooper SM, et al. Evidence from randomised controlled trials did not support the introduction of dietary fat guidelines in 1977 and 1983: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Heart 2015;2(1):e000196.

Malik VS, Chiuve SE, Campos H, et al. Circulating Very-Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Incident Coronary Heart Disease in US Men and Women. Circulation 2015;132(4):260-268.

Mozaffarian D. Diverging global trends in heart disease and type 2 diabetes: the role of carbohydrates and saturated fats. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015;3(8):586-588.

Das Vollkorn-Dilemma

Hanefeld M, Schaper F. Acarbose: oral anti-diabetes drug with additional cardiovascular benefits. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2008;6(2):153-63.

Sluijs I, van der Schouw YT, van der AD, et al. Carbohydrate quantity and quality and risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands (EPIC-NL) study. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92(4):905-11.

Dong JY, Zhang L, Zhang YH, et al. Dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Br J Nutr 2011;106(11):1649-54.

Dong JY, Zhang YH, Wang P, et al. Meta-analysis of dietary glycemic load and glycemic index in relation to risk of coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 2012;109(11):1608-13.

Choi Y, Giovannucci E, Lee JE. Glycaemic index and glycaemic load in relation to risk of diabetes-related cancers: a meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2012;108(11):1934-47.

Ma XY, Liu JP, Song ZY. Glycemic load, glycemic index and risk of cardiovascular diseases: meta-analyses of prospective studies. Atherosclerosis 2012;223(2):491-6

Livesey G, Taylor R, Livesey H, et al. Is there a dose-response relation of dietary glycemic load to risk of type 2 diabetes? Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97(3):584-96.

Mozaffarian RS, Lee RM, Kennedy MA, et al. Identifying whole grain foods: a comparison of different approaches for selecting more healthful whole grain products. Public Health Nutr 2013;16(12):2255-64.

Greenwood DC, Threapleton DE, Evans CE, et al. Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Carbohydrates, and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Diabetes Care 2013;36(12):4166-71.

Castro-Quezada I, Sanchez-Villegas A, Estruch R, et al. A high dietary glycemic index increases total mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. PLoS One 2014;9(9):e107968.

Wu H, Flint AJ, Qi Q, et al. Association between dietary whole grain intake and risk of mortality: two large prospective studies in US men and women. JAMA Intern Med 2015;175(3):373-84.

Bach Knudsen KE. Microbial degradation of whole-grain complex carbohydrates and impact on short-chain Fatty acids and health. Adv Nutr 2015;6(2):206-13.

Das Gezerre ums Fleisch

McAfee AJ, McSorley EM, Cuskelly GJ, et al. Red meat consumption: an overview of the risks and benefits. Meat Sci 2010;84(1):1-13.

Alexander DD, Morimoto LM, Mink PJ, et al. A review and meta-analysis of red and processed meat consumption and breast cancer. Nutr Res Rev 2010;23(2):349-65.

Alexander DD, Mink PJ, Cushing CA, et al. A review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of red and processed meat intake and prostate cancer. Nutr J 2010;9:50.

Alexander DD, Miller AJ, Cushing CA, et al. Processed meat and colorectal cancer: a quantitative review of prospective epidemiologic studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 2010;19(5):328-41.

Micha R, Wallace SK, Mozaffarian D. Red and processed meat consumption and risk of incident coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation 2010;121(21):2271-83.

Alexander DD, Morimoto LM, Mink PJ, et al. Summary and meta-analysis of prospective studies of animal fat intake and breast cancer. Nutr Res Rev 2010;23(1):169-79.

Alexander DD, Cushing CA. Red meat and colorectal cancer: a critical summary of prospective epidemiologic studies. Obes Rev 2011;12(5):e472-93.

Alexander DD, Weed DL, Cushing CA, et al. Meta-analysis of prospective studies of red meat consumption and colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2011;20(4):293-307.

Corpet DE. Red meat and colon cancer: should we become vegetarians, or can we make meat safer? Meat Sci 2011;89(3):310-6.

Micha R, Michas G, Mozaffarian D. Unprocessed red and processed meats and risk of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes–an updated review of the evidence. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2012;14(6):515-24.

O‘Sullivan TA, Hafekost K, Mitrou F, et al. Food sources of saturated fat and the association with mortality: a meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 2013;103(9):e31-42.

Lee JE, McLerran DF, Rolland B, et al. Meat intake and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of Asian prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98(4):1032-41.

Hoffman R, Gerber M. Evaluating and adapting the Mediterranean diet for non-Mediterranean populations: a critical appraisal. Nutr Rev 2013;71(9):573-84.

Larsson SC, Orsini N. Red meat and processed meat consumption and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 2014;179(3):282-9.

Abete I, Romaguera D, Vieira AR, et al. Association between total, processed, red and white meat consumption and all-cause, CVD and IHD mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Br J Nutr 2014;112(5):762-75.

Rouhani MH, Salehi-Abargouei A, Surkan PJ, et al. Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and meta-anlysis of observational studies. Obes Rev 2014;15(9):740-8.

Fernandez-Real JM, Manco M. Effects of iron overload on chronic metabolic diseases. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2(6):513-26.

Aregbesola A, Virtanen JK, Voutilainen S, et al. Serum ferritin and glucose homeostasis: change in the association by glycaemic state. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2015;31(5):507-14

Fogelholm M, Kanerva N, Mannisto S. Association between red and processed meat consumption and chronic diseases: the confounding role of other dietary factors. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015;69(9):1060-5.

Lippi G, Mattiuzzi C, Gomar FS. Red meat consumption and ischemic heart disease. A systematic literature review. Meat Sci 2015;108:32-6.

Wittenbecher C, Muhlenbruch K, Kroger J, et al. Amino acids, lipid metabolites, and ferritin as potential mediators linking red meat consumption to type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101(6):1241-50.

Alexander DD, Weed DL, Miller PE, et al. Red Meat and Colorectal Cancer: A Quantitative Update on the State of the Epidemiologic Science. J Am Coll Nutr 2015:1-23.

Fang X, An P, Wang H, et al. Dietary intake of heme iron and risk of cardiovascular disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015;25(1):24-35.

Ströhle A, Wolters M, Hahn A. Rotes Fleisch – Vom gehaltvollen Nährstofflieferanten zum kanzerogenen Agens? Fleischverzehr und Dickdarmkrebs. Ernährung im Fokus 2015;15:268-274.

Milch macht’s immer noch

Elwood PC, Pickering JE, Givens DI, et al. The consumption of milk and dairy foods and the incidence of vascular disease and diabetes: an overview of the evidence. Lipids 2010;45(10):925-39.

Dong JY, Zhang L, He K, et al. Dairy consumption and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011;127(1):23-31.

Soedamah-Muthu SS, Ding EL, Al-Delaimy WK, et al. Milk and dairy consumption and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93(1):158-71.

Aune D, Lau R, Chan DS, et al. Dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ann Oncol 2012;23(1):37-45.

Aune D, Norat T, Romundstad P, et al. Dairy products and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98(4):1066-83.

Kumari R, Thappa DM. Role of insulin resistance and diet in acne. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2013;79(3):291-9.

Astrup A. Yogurt and dairy product consumption to prevent cardiometabolic diseases: epidemiologic and experimental studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;99(5):1235s-42s.

Bendtsen LQ, Lorenzen JK, Larsen TM, et al. Associations between dairy protein intake and body weight and risk markers of diabetes and CVD during weight maintenance. Br J Nutr. 2014;111(5):944-53.

Hirahatake KM, Slavin JL, Maki KC, et al. Associations between dairy foods, diabetes, and metabolic health: Potential mechanisms and future directions. Metabolism 2014;63(5):618-27.

Hu D, Huang J, Wang Y, et al. Dairy foods and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014;24(5):460-9.

Genkinger JM, Wang M, Li R, et al. Dairy products and pancreatic cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 14 cohort studies. Ann Oncol 2014;25(6):1106-15.

Aune D, Navarro Rosenblatt DA, Chan DS, et al. Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101(1):87-117.

Guo Y, Shan Z, Ren H, et al. Dairy consumption and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Nutr Cancer 2015;67(4):555-68.

Qin LQ, Xu JY, Han SF, et al. Dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: an updated meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2015;24(1):90-100.

Mediterran abnehmen

Shai I, Schwarzfuchs D, Henkin Y, et al. Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat diet. N Engl J Med 2008;359(3):229-41.

Perez-Guisado J, Munoz-Serrano A, Alonso-Moraga A. Spanish Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet: a healthy cardiovascular diet for weight loss. Nutr J 2008;7:30.

Perez-Guisado J, Munoz-Serrano A. The effect of the Spanish Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot study. J Med Food 2011;14(7-8):677-80.

Hu T, Mills KT, Yao L, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate diets versus low-fat diets on metabolic risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Am J Epidemiol 2012;176 Suppl 7:S44-54.

Ebbeling CB, Swain JF, Feldman HA, et al. Effects of dietary composition on energy expenditure during weight-loss maintenance. JAMA 2012;307(24):2627-34.

Gardner CD. Tailoring dietary approaches for weight loss. Int J Obes Suppl 2012;2(Suppl 1):S11-s5.

Bueno NB, de Melo IS, de Oliveira SL, et al. Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2013;110(7):1178-87.

Walsh CO, Ebbeling CB, Swain JF, et al. Effects of Diet Composition on Postprandial Energy Availability during Weight Loss Maintenance. PLoS ONE 2013;8(3):e58172.

Paoli A, Bianco A, Grimaldi KA, et al. Long term successful weight loss with a combination biphasic ketogenic mediterranean diet and mediterranean diet maintenance protocol. Nutrients 2013;5(12):5205-17.

Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Long-term effects of low glycemic index/load vs. high glycemic index/load diets on parameters of obesity and obesity-associated risks: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013;23(8):699-706.

Bazzano LA, Hu T, Reynolds K, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2014;161(5):309-18.

Huo R, Du T, Xu Y, et al. Effects of Mediterranean-style diet on glycemic control, weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetes individuals: a meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov 5. [Epub ahead of print]

Hu T, Bazzano LA. The low-carbohydrate diet and cardiovascular risk factors: evidence from epidemiologic studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24(4):337-43.

Ludwig DS, Friedman MI. Increasing adiposity: consequence or cause of overeating? JAMA 2014;311(21):2167-8.

Ludwig DS, Friedman MI. Always Hungry? Here’s Why. The New York Times 2014 May 16, 2014.

Smith JD, Hou T, Ludwig DS, et al. Changes in intake of protein foods, carbohydrate amount and quality, and long-term weight change: results from 3 prospective cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101(6):1216-24.

Ludwig DS, Astrup A, Willett WC. The glycemic index: Reports of its demise have been exaggerated. Obesity 2015;23(7):1327-8

Santiago S, Zazpe I, Bes-Rastrollo M, et al. Carbohydrate quality, weight change and incident obesity in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN Project. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015;69(3):297-302.

Low-Carb- und ketogene Diäten

Kossoff EH, Hartman AL. Ketogenic diets: new advances for metabolism-based therapies. Curr Opin Neurol 2012;25(2):173-8.

Hu T, Mills KT, Yao L, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate diets versus low-fat diets on metabolic risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Am J Epidemiol 2012;176 Suppl 7:S44-54.

Santos FL, Esteves SS, da Costa Pereira A, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials of the effects of low carbohydrate diets on cardiovascular risk factors. Obes Rev 2012;13(11):1048-66

Bueno NB, de Melo IS, de Oliveira SL, et al. Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2013;110(7):1178-87.

Paoli A, Bianco A, Grimaldi KA, et al. Long term successful weight loss with a combination biphasic ketogenic mediterranean diet and mediterranean diet maintenance protocol. Nutrients 2013;5(12):5205-17.

Paoli A, Rubini A, Volek JS, et al. Beyond weight loss: a review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013;67(8):789-96.

Shukla SK, Gebregiworgis T, Purohit V, et al. Metabolic reprogramming induced by ketone bodies diminishes pancreatic cancer cachexia. Cancer & Metabolism 2014;2:18.

Schoeler NE, Wood S, Aldridge V, et al. Ketogenic dietary therapies for adults with epilepsy: Feasibility and classification of response. Epilepsy Behav 2014;37:77-81.

Gano L, Patel M, Rho JM. Ketogenic Diets, Mitochondria and Neurological Diseases. J Lipid Res 2014;55(11):2211-28

Zajac A, Poprzecki S, Maszczyk A, Czuba M, Michalczyk M, Zydek G. The effects of a ketogenic diet on exercise metabolism and physical performance in off-road cyclists. Nutrients 2014;6(7):2493-508.

Paoli A, Bianco A, Damiani E, et al. Ketogenic diet in neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:474296.

Hu T, Bazzano LA. The low-carbohydrate diet and cardiovascular risk factors: evidence from epidemiologic studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014;24(4): 337-343.

Bazzano LA, Hu T, Reynolds K, et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2014;161(5):309-18.

Jonasson L, Guldbrand H, Lundberg AK, Nystrom FH. Advice to follow a low-carbohydrate diet has a favourable impact on low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes compared with advice to follow a low-fat diet. Ann Med 2014;46(3):182-187.

Guldbrand H, Lindstrom T, Dizdar B, et al. Randomization to a low-carbohydrate diet advice improves health related quality of life compared with a low-fat diet at similar weight-loss in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014;106(2):221-7.

Paoli A, Bianco A, Grimaldi KA. The Ketogenic Diet and Sport: A Possible Marriage? Exerc Sport Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2015;43(3):153-62.

Paoli A, Moro T, Bosco G, et al. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3) supplementation on some cardiovascular risk factors with a ketogenic Mediterranean diet. Mar Drugs 2015;13(2):996-1009.

Feinman RD, Pogozelski WK, Astrup A, et al. Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: Critical review and evidence base. Nutrition 2015;31:1-13.

Apovian CM. The low-fat, low-carb debate and the theory of relativity. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;102(4):719-720.

Sackner-Bernstein J, Kanter D, Kaul S. Dietary Intervention for Overweight and Obese Adults: Comparison of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets. A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015;10(10):e0139817.